主题：中国经济官员与市场经济改革

时间：北京时间2024年12月7日上午9-11点

地点：线上（Zoom会议）ID:   852 364 4345, passcode: sociology

主讲人：

王颖曜，弗吉尼亚大学社会学系助理教授

评议人：

张跃然，芝加哥大学社会学系助理教授

侯越，香港科技大学社会科学部副教授

马啸，北京大学政府管理学院长聘副教授

郦菁，浙江大学社会学系百人计划研究员

主持人：

蔺乐，夏威夷大学社会学副教授

讲座概要

本次活动基于王颖曜教授的新书《具有科层制特征的市场:经济官员如何制定政策以及重塑国家》。该书提供了对过去四十年中国经济政策制定的新见解，揭示了经济官员如何结合新的经济思想和制度变革从科层制内部推动大规模的改革。本书解释，也许中国确实避免了俄罗斯和东欧国家所走的休克式疗法道路，但这并不意味着中国的市场改革完全是渐进的、临时的、缺乏系统性的方法。相反，本书展示了中国改革顶层设计的路径和经济范式层面的变迁。由职业主义驱动的技术官员之间的竞争导致新政策方法的出现。这种竞争和创新往往是以"政策范式"的模式展开，涉及对什么是竞争力、如何组织国家和市场关系等基本问题的重新定义。由此，源自技术官僚体系内部的这些范式性政策运动，导致中国的经济改革并没有像传统叙述中那样“摸着石头过河，"而是在政策范式之间推进、交替和并存。这种动态演变最终重新组织了宏观经济，也重塑了国家与市场的关系。本书采用独特的社会学视角来研究国家，追溯了官员们如何围绕共同的职业轨迹、代际经验和社会网络形成共同志趣和政策群体，从而推进有利于巩固自身政策权威的政策范式的出现。本书涵盖金融、工业、税收和国有企业改革等不同政策领域，深刻描绘了在这些领域，经济范式如何萌芽、整合、扩散，乃至成为影响经济政策全局的思考方式和调动资源的方法。本次活动将以英语为工作语言并以在线形式举行，欢迎大家参与讨论。

Markets with Bureaucratic Characteristics offers new insights into the making of China’s economic policies over the past forty years, revealing how economic officials combined new economic ideas with institutional changes to drive large-scale reforms within the state.

The book explains that while China may have avoided the shock therapy path taken by Russia and Eastern European countries, this does not mean that China's market reforms were entirely gradual, ad-hoc, or lacking a systematic approach. On the contrary, the book demonstrates the pathways of China’s top-level design of reforms and the evolution of economic paradigms. Competition among technocrats, driven by careerism, led to the emergence of new policy approaches. This competition and innovation often took place at the level of “policy paradigms,” involving fundamental goals and questions such as what defines competitiveness and how to organize state-market relations. As a result, these paradigm-based policy movements, originating from the technocratic system, show that China's economic reforms did not simply “cross the river by feeling the stones,” as traditionally described, but rather progressed, alternated, and coexisted between different policy paradigms. This dynamic evolution ultimately reorganized China’s macroeconomy and reshaped state-market relations.

The book adopts a unique sociological perspective to study the state, tracing how officials, through shared career trajectories, generational experiences, and social networks, formed common interests and policy groups, thus promoting the emergence of policy paradigms that consolidated their policy authority. The book covers various policy domains, including financial, industrial, tax, and state-owned enterprise reforms, providing an in-depth portrayal of how economic paradigms germinated, integrated, and diffused in these areas, eventually becoming dominant modes of thinking that influenced overall economic policymaking and resource mobilization.

王颖曜是弗吉尼亚大学社会学系的助理教授，主要研究经济社会学、政治社会学与发展社会学的交叉领域。她的研究核心围绕政治制度与社会网络在经济发展中的作用展开。她的专著《Markets with Bureaucratic Characteristics: How Economic Bureaucrats Make Policies and Remake the Chinese State》（哥伦比亚大学出版社，2024年）为中国经济改革提供了全新的视角，突出了中层技术官僚在国家发展轨迹及其全球雄心中的关键作用。她的论文涉及反腐败、税收、产业政策、金融市场发展及组织理论，发表于《International Review of Political Economy》《Socio-Economic Review》《Journal of Contemporary China》《British Journal of Sociology》等期刊。

Yingyao Wang is an Assistant Professor of Sociology at the University of Virginia. She works at the intersection of economic sociology, political sociology, and development. The core questions she explores concern the role of political institutions and social networks in economic development. Her book, Markets with Bureaucratic Characteristics: How Economic Bureaucrats Make Policies and Remake the Chinese State, provides a fresh account of China’s economic reform, highlighting the pivotal role of mid-level bureaucrats and technocrats in shaping the trajectory of the country’s development and global ambition. Her article-based projects on corruption and anti-corruption, taxation, China’s industrial policy and financial market development, and organizational theories have been published in International Review of Political Economy, Socio-Economic Review, British Journal of Sociology, Journal of Contemporary China, and other journals.

张跃然现为芝加哥大学社会学系助理教授。其主要研究领域为政治社会学与比较-历史社会学，特别是对社会主义、资本主义及其间转型过程的比较研究，尤其关注政治经济分析与全球南方的发展动态。

Yueran Zhang is an Assistant Professor of Sociology and the College at the University of Chicago. A political and comparative-historical sociologist, he specializes in the comparative studies of socialism(s), capitalism(s), and transitions in between, with a special emphasis on political economy and the dynamics of development in the Global South.

侯越，香港科技大学社会科学部副教授。2024-2025年期间，她担任斯坦福大学胡佛研究所国家研究员。她的研究兴趣包括政治经济学、威权政治和身份政治，主要聚焦于中国的区域研究。她的第一本书《The Private Sector in Public Office》（剑桥比较政治研究系列）探讨私营部门在缺乏产权保护的情况下如何实现增长。她的其他学术论文也曾发表在《Journal of Politics》、《Political Science Research and Methods》、《Quarterly Journal of Political Science》、《China Quarterly》等杂志

Yue Hou is an Associate Professor in the Division of Social Science at the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. In 2024-5, She is a National Fellow at the Hoover Institution, Stanford University. Her research interests include political economy, authoritarian politics, and identity politics with a regional focus on China. Her first book, the Private Sector in Public Office: Selective Property Rights in China (Cambridge Studies in Comparative Politics), addresses the long-standing puzzle of how China’s private sector manages to grow without secure property rights. Her work has also appeared in the Journal of Politics, Political Science Research and Methods, Quarterly Journal of Political Science, the China Quarterly, Boston Review, China Leadership Monitor, among other outlets.

马啸，北京大学政府管理学院长聘副教授，华盛顿大学政治学博士，研究领域为比较政治制度、发展政治和中国政治。著有Localized Bargaining: The Political Economy of China’s High-Speed Railway Program（OUP, 2022），研究见于Comparative Political Studies, Political Communication, World Development, China Quarterly，《开放时代》《经济社会体制比较》《读书》等期刊。

Xiao Ma is an associate professor of political science at the School of Government, Peking University. His research focuses on comparative political institutions, politics of development, and Chinese politics. He is the author of Localized Bargaining: The Political Economy of China’s High-Speed Railway Program (OUP, 2022), and his works have appeared in journals such as Comparative Political Studies, Political Communication, World Development, and China Quarterly.

郦菁，浙江大学社会学系百人计划研究员，主要研究领域为历史社会学、国家理论，职业与知识社会学，关注政策研究者的制度基础，知识建构以及和政治精英的互动，在《开放时代》、《文化纵横》等发表论文多篇。专著《激进的共识：1978-82年的中国农村改革》即将出版。

蔺乐，芝加哥大学社会学博士，现任夏威夷大学社会学副教授。他的研究集中于教育、组织、经济社会学、社会变迁、全球/跨国社会学以及中国社会等。他近期的英文专著《机会主义的果实：规范偏离与中国教育培训产业的演变》于2022年由芝加哥大学出版社出版。该书荣获2023年度美国社会学学会亚洲与跨国研究领域荣誉图书奖。他的专业论文见于《Socio-Economic Review》和《Higher Education》等期刊，并曾获得美国社会学学会和社会经济学促进会的奖项。

Le Lin obtained his Ph.D. in Sociology from the University of Chicago, and is currently an Associate Professor of Sociology at the University of Hawaii at Manoa. His research centers on education, organizations, economic sociology, social change, global/transnational sociology and the Chinese society. His recent book The Fruits of Opportunism: Noncompliance and the Evolution of China’s Supplemental Education Industry was published by the University of Chicago Press in 2022. This book won the Best Book Award on Asia/Transnational Honorable Mention from the American Sociological Association in 2023. His articles have appeared in journals such as Socio-Economic Review and Higher Education, and have won awards from the American Sociological Association and the Society for the Advancement of Socio-Economics.